Dinámica fractal de las partículas PM2,5 en la Ciudad de México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.9Palabras clave:
PM2,5, Análisis fractal, Series de tiempo, PronósticosResumen
La contaminación atmosférica es un problema relevante en la actualidad debido al riesgo que representa para los entornos urbanos. Las altas concentraciones de partículas PM2,5 son sumamente dañinas para la salud humana y generan altos índices de mortalidad en la población más vulnerable. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar la dinámica de las partículas PM2,5 en las zonas norte, sur, oriente, poniente y centro de la Ciudad de México mediante análisis fractal y de rugosidad cinética dentro del marco de la sistémica para hallar patrones emergentes (a diferentes escalas de tiempo-espacio), para modelar los aspectos relevantes para la toma de decisiones en materia de política ambiental y estrategias de control.
Los resultados muestran que los niveles de PM2,5 se ajustan a diferentes distribuciones, y que las series de tiempo de desviaciones estándar, muestran comportamientos persistentes a medida que se alarga el horizonte de tiempo. Las proyecciones que utilizan el análisis fractal dinámico permiten conocer la respuesta que puede tener el sistema en un horizonte temporal. En conclusión, los niveles de concentración de PM2,5 varían en cada país o región y dependen de innumerables factores que satisfacen la dinámica de escalado Family-Vicsek ansatz.
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